Tenei whakaurua cars, hikohiko, me pharmaceuticals
I te Brazil-United States miro tautohe i te World Trade Organization tautohe whakataunga take (DS) i runga i te take o te taurite moni i runga i te miroI roto i te tau, i Brazil, he nui o te miro te kaweake whakataetae whakahuatia tona tipu āwangawanga e pā ana ki United States miro moni na roto i te haamataraa i te WTO tautohe whakataunga take (DS) ki etahi āhuatanga o te U. miro i te hōtaka. I te Maehe, he Rōpū i whakatūria ki te adjudicate te tautohe. Argentina, te Canada, China, Chinese, Taipei, i te Hapori Pākehā, India, Pakistan, me Venezuela whai wāhi rite ki te hunga tuatoru.
Te arotahi ki runga i ono motuhake kerēme e pā ana ki a MATOU utu hōtaka, Brazil tohe i te US i rahua ki te noho i ona mau fafauraa i roto i te Uruguay a Tawhio noa te Whakaaetanga i runga i te Ahuwhenua (AoA), me te Whakaaetanga i runga i te Moni, me te Countervailing Mehua (SCM).
I runga i mahuru, te WTO tautohe whakataunga (DS) te paewhiri kingi ki te United States i runga i te maha o ngā take matua i roto i te take. I te United States, ko te tuarua-te kaihanga nui, me te nui rawa o te ao ki tāwāhi o te miro. I roto i te tau tata nei, i te United States kua e kaweake i te whakanui ake i te wahi o ona ā-hanga, e tika ana i roto i te nui wahi ki te heke i roto i te motu, mira te whakamahi i. I runga i August, i muri i te raupapa o recourses e rua United States me te Brazil, WTO tukuna he whakatau i runga i te tautohe DS. Te pānga o te kingi e whakaatu i te reira e te US, me te Pākehā Union kua whakamahia loopholes te kaute, me te auaha ki te haere tonu akiritia hua i runga i te whakawhanake i te hokohoko, te pupuri i te pōharatanga te whakawhanake i te whenua kaimahi. Te WTO tautohe whakataunga paewhiri kitea hoki e te USA misreported etahi hōtaka rite 'non hokohoko-distorting', ka i roto i te meka ratou i te hokohoko-distorting. I roto i te pipiri, he ngatahi manakohia otinga ki te miro raruraru tae noa ki te aroaro o Brazil ka whakaturia ki te whakaara i tariffs i runga i te rau o miriona o tara i roto i te American taonga. I raro i te ture o te kawenata, i te US hoatu i te kotahi-atu ki te utu o te US tara e toru rau miriona ki te Palāsilá Miro Institute. Te Ao Miro Komiti Tohutohu (ICAC) te whakatau tata e te moni te whakaiti i te miro utu i te tekau me te Bank World whakatau tata i tenei tau, i te.
Moni ana tēnei ki te ā-tau i te moni i te mate o te tara miriona ki te whenua African.
Te utu toharite o te hanga o te pauna o te miro, he tara
Oxfam tata e te tango o U. miro moni anake e faarahi i te utu, me te kupu whakanui ake i te toharite moni whare i roto i te hau-ā-Uru o Awherika - nui ki te tautoko i te kai pütea mo te kotahi miriona iwi. E ai ki te ICAC, ahakoa te United States, kia mau ai ki te ārahi i tāwāhi o te miro, te utu o te hanga he tino teitei ake i taua o ētahi atu whenua. ia pauna i roto i te rite ki te tara. e toru tekau ma rima i roto i te te hau-ā-Uru o Awherika ki te whenua o Antarctica. E ai ki te ahuwhenua economics i te University o California, Davis, ko te ki te tango o Amerika moni e meinga he pūmau nuku whakarunga o te utu o te miro. Ka rite ki te hua, utu e te kapewhiti a tawhio noa te teitei toharite utu. I tua atu, pāmu utu kei te nuinga o whakaturia i mua ki te hokohoko wa i ia tau, i te tikanga o e te kaimahi te mahi i te kore e tonu ite i te ki tonu i te pähekeheke o te rerekē utu. Heoi, i miro moni i roto i te ahumahi whenua, e kore e he anake te take mo te hinga miro utu i runga i te mua e rima tekau nga tau. Haereraa i mua hangarau, me te whakataetae i te muka waihanga (pērā i te nairona). Te ako, whakaritea e ICTSD me te whakahaere i te Mario Jales o Cornell University, fokotuu e miro utu e ara i runga i te - turanga te wā ki te US i te tapahia te moni i kiia e tika i te raruraru paewhiri i te WTO, e whai ake nei te amuamu i te Brazil. Kaimahi rawakore i roto i te whenua i taea kua riro i te toharite e ono ōrau hua i roto i te ao miro utu ki runga ki taua turanga wā, ki te U. i whakaae ngā tono i hanga e te Awherika iwi ki te rītaha i te moni e whakaratohia ana ki te kaihanga i roto i te taonga te whenua. Miro i te hanga i roto i te United States i taea kua peka ke i rite nui rite rima ōrau, te ako fokotuu, Awherika ki te tono i roto i te tauira Doha tonu i whakamahia ki te putanga o mua i ngā taumata neke atu i te nga tekau tau i te wā i kitea i roto i te ako, me te hanga i roto i te EU taea te maturuturu i rite nui rite e toru tekau ōrau.
Heoi, hanga pukapuka taea e faarahi i rite nui rite.
e rima ōrau i roto i te Brazil, Central Asia, me te hau-ā-Uru o Awherika - ki te uara production tipu e ki runga ki te tekau mā toru ōrau. Oia atoa, ki te Awherika ki te tono e ngā i roto i te Doha tauira i te tono ki te hokohoko rere i runga i te tekau tau e te ako tirohia, U. kaweake pukapuka e kua hinga mā te tekau ma ono ōrau i runga i toharite.
Toharite kaweake pukapuka e whai nui te tino mō Brazil, me te India (- ōrau), me te raro, engari tonu te nui nui i roto i te Uzbekistan, ko te 'C-' hau-ā-Uru o Awherika ki te miro i te whakaputa i te whenua (Benin, Burkina Faso, Chad, me Mali), Ahitereiria (.
I raro i te putanga hou o te U.
i te pāmu pire, miro, ka whai te moni i raro katoa o U.
mara hua, ka whakamahia te reira ki te whai i te teitei. Ko te Kaumatua me te Whare i te putanga o tenei pire, ka whakakore i ngā āhuatanga o te U.
miro moni, tae atu ki te hāngai-utu ki te kaimahi counter-huritaiāwhio utu.
Te whakaaro o te e rua o enei kaupapa here, ko te ki te whakapiki ake i te kaimahi te' moni, ka ko te utu o miro, pata. miro kaimahi, ka tonu e tiakina koe ki te whānuitanga. Te Whare Kaumatua, me te pire te whakauru i te Tāpae i te Moni Tiaki Hōtaka (STAX), e te kaimahi rite ki te ahua o te moni tiaki mo te kaimahi. STAX taurangi miro kaimahi e ka riro ia ratou i waenganui i te whitu tekau me te o te tūmanakohia te moni mo to ratou rohe i whakaritea e te United States Tari o Agriculture (USDA). E hānga ana moni taupoki ana i te o te utu mo tenei inihua te hōtaka. E ai ki te Congressional Pūtea Tari, te whakatau tata i te utu o tenei hōtaka tara. e rua tekau ma iwa piriona. I te pāmu kei roto i te pire kahore he rohe ki te payout e tetahi takitahi miro, he tangata mahi pāmu ka taea e ia farii i raro i te STAX hōtaka. Brazil hoki whakaaetia ki te kore te nekehanga new WTO retaliatory aukati ki te U. miro hōtaka i te o nāianei pāmu pire i roto i te mahi ranei"ki te ahuwhenua kaweake taurangi."E ai ki te mōhiohio hou i te USDA, Brazil ko te tuarima nui miro whakaputa whenua, me te tuatoru nui rawa ki tāwāhi i roto i te ao. Miro utu i tonu ki te heke - e kore te e tika ana ki te huringa i roto i te U. miro kaupapa here (e kore e whakaaro ki te hōtaka puku i raro i nga Pāmu Bill) engari e tika ana ki te Hainamana miro kaupapa here. I teie mahana, te U. miro kaihanga whakawhirinaki anake i runga i te inihua hua (STAX Hōtaka) i muri i ka whakakorea katoa Pāmu Pire tautoko tikanga.
